Lithium in The Stack
Category: Other
Updated: 31 Aug 2023
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Created byLena Peplińska
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Lithium discoveryBib-Label Lithiated Lemon Lime SodaLithium discovered in Salar de AtacamaLithium FDA approved for the treatment of bipolar disorderDiscovery of lithium cobalt oxide by Ned A. Godshall Koichi Mizushima and John B. GoodenoughAndean flamingo population declines in AtacamaFirst battery–powered Tesla RoadsterReferendum with 78.72% supporting the rewritting of Chilean constitution after national protests over environmental grievancesThe birth of the lithium-ion battery (Akira Yoshino)Sony produced first commercial Li-ion batteryMotorola introduced the Startac, one of the first mobile phones powered by Li-ion batteriesIBM starts to develop lithium–air battery technologyLithium first used in the treatment of melancholic depression by psychiatrist Frederik LangeJohn Cade popularizes the usage of lithium in treatment of "psychotic excitement" in veterans' hospital in MelbourneNobel prize for Goodenough, Whittingham and Yoshino for 1980s research on Li-ion batteriesLithium Corporation of America is founded for the development of hydrogen bombGeological Servise of the US found the biggest lithium reserves in The Uyuni salt flatFirst delimiantion as a Fiscal Reserve of the Uyuni salt flatsSecond delimiantion as a Fiscal Reserve of the Uyuni salt flatsThe Fiscal Reserve area in the Uyuni salt flats is radically reducedThe Fiscal Reserve in the Uyuni salt flats is restored to the delimination of 1986LITHCO receives an invitation from the Bolivian government to extract the resoures of the Uyuni salt flat leaving Bolivians with 8% of the profitsPeople of Rio Grande created SOCOMIRG – community mining company to protest the private concessions in the UyuniFCM Lithium (previously LITHCO) purchases the Salar del Hombre MuertoThe Atomic Energy Comission (US) required large amounts of lithium hydroxide for thermonuclear weaponsLithium included as 1 of 29 key elements for green technology by American Physical Society Panel on Public Affairs and the Material Research SocietyElectrolytic process on molten lithium chloride helped to produce larger quantities of lithiumFirst major lithium mining operation in South DakotaThe beginning of commercial lithium production by Metallgesellschaft AGLithium recovered from brine for the first timeLithium is included as 1 of 16 key elements in Critical Materials Strategy by U.S. Departament of EnergyEvo Morales signed a deal with Germany's ACI to exploit Bolivias lithium reservesGerardo Morales approves the reform of constitution of Jujuy, Argentina, which enables lithium extraction in indigenous territories and criminalizes social protestsIndigenous people of Jujuy march against constitutional reforms; violent repressions against the protestersLithium used as a cure for gout by Alfred Baring GarrodLithium in psychiatry: Neurologist Silas Weir Mitchell recommended lithium bromide as an anticonvulsant and a hypnoticLithium removed from 7up after U.S. Food and Drug Administration outlawed the use of the chemicalMedical publication by Mognes Schou on lithium in medicine got the international recognitionAn inspection at the SQM site found that a third of carob trees in the area had diedBolivian President Evo Morales holds up the first samples of lithium carbonate in a promise to turn Bolivia into a leading global source of lithiumMassive protests in Bolivia, Potosi against a German-affiliated lithium mining joint venture for use in E-car batteriesThe Bolivian government has issued a decree overturning a lithium project with German ACIBolivia Seals $1.4 Billion Lithium Deals With Russia and ChinaFMC (previously LITHCO) cancelled the contract with Bolivia and decided to make a deal with ArgentinaYacimientos de Litio Boliviano (YLB), an independent state-owned lithium company was createdFRUTCAS, a worker union from Potosi, presented the government a project to declare lithium a strategic resource allowing only state controlled exploitationChina's Ganfeng Lithium Co. procured a 51 percent share of Lithium Americas Corp’s project in northern Argentina, taking control over the projectTesla makes 3-years battery supply deal with China's Ganfeng LithiumMassive protests in Chile block the road to SQMCalifornia implemented Zero-Emission Vehicle mandateFirst prospecting campaigns and feasibility studies for exploiting Salar de Atacama by CORFO (Corporacion ´ de Fomento de la Produccion)Joint venture between CORFO and U.S. Foote minerals began producing lithium carbonate in Salar de AtacamaCORFO sells its shares in SCL (Socedad Chilena de Litio) to Foote MineralsSCL bought by U.S. corporation AlbemarleThe first Indigenous Congress in Atacama identified mining as activity with negative consequences for the regionRockwood (now Albemarle) signed an ‘Agreement for cooperation, sustainability and mutual benefit’ with Atacameno, which guarantees them to receive percentage of lithium salesRockwood (now Albemarle) signed an ‘Agreement for cooperation, sustainability and mutual benefit’ with Peine community, which guarantees them to receive percentage of lithium salesRejected draft for environmentally conscious consitution by 61.86% majority in ChileNegative impact of lithium mining on water resources is confirmed by scientific researchSQM (Sociedad Quimica y Minera) was founded by English capital and Chile state as a saltpeter producerChile signed Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, which enabled communities to negotiate their terms with lithium industryChina's Tianqi Lithium Corp. purchased 23.77% stake in SQMState of Chile acquired through CORFO 100% of SQMSQM became the owner of MINSAL (Sociedad Minera Salar de Atacama)State owned MINSAL (Sociedad Minera Salar de Atacama) starts the exploration of Salar de AtacamaSQM started to produce lithiium carbonate in Salar del Carmen and Nueva VictoriaThe International Civil Aviation Organization banned outright the shipment of lithium ion batteries as cargo on passenger aircraftDell recalled 4.1 million notebook computer batteries made by Sony due to the fire threatSamsung permanently discontinued Samsung Galaxy Note 7 due to CATL battery defect which had caused the device to combust or explodeArgentina's President Mauricio Mari eliminated a 5% tax on mining exportsBMW signed 334.4 million dollar supply deal with operating in Argentina LiventShareholders from JPMorgan Chase & Co. to BlackRock Inc. invest in lithium after iPad boomArgentina's government presented new slogan "Jujuy Energia Viva" to promote production and investment in region's lithium resourcesJEMSE (Jujuy Energy and Mining State Society) and and Shanghai Electric Power Construction Co. launched Cauchari Solar Park project in JujuyCauchari Solar Park in Jujuy, Argentina was completedStan Whittingham, working at ExxonMobil, developed first recharchable lithium-based batteryAn antitrust-violating price-fixing cartel among nine corporations including LG, Panasonic, Samsung, Sony, and Toshiba was found to be rigging battery prices and restricting output between 2000 and 2011Argentinian government created private-public company Jujuy Energy and Mining State Society (JEMSE) to promote lithium extraction in the regionArgentina started extracting lithium in Catamarca ProvincePinochet declared lithium reserves to be under government controlEU launched the European Battery Alliance, aiming to support the creation of independent from China Li-ion battery value chainDiscovery of lithium deposits in Argentine PunaMilitary government in Argentina recognized lithium as a licensable resourceElon Musk announced plans to build Tesla Gigafactory for Li-ion battery productionTesla officialy opened its battery gigafactory in NevadaChina surpassed Japan and became the biggest Li-ion battery exporterChristian Gmelin observed that lithium salts give a bright red color to flameLithium isolated for the first time by William Thomas BrandeThe government of China cracks down on illegal lithium mining in YichunJapan started to implement policies that promote Li-ion battery developmentAfter successful deployment of e-buses at the Beijing Olympics the rapid development of EV batteries in China beganGM executives and US government officials celebrate the first assembled Li-ion battery for 2011 Chevrolet VoltFriends of the Earth (FOE) published a report claiming that lithium mining contaminates air and waterPaper published in the journal Nature advocates for the need to redesign of Li-ion batteries due to environmental costDell launched Latitude XP – first laptop powered with Li-ion batteryPeriods
Pinochet privatised Chile's SQM mines for his son-in-lawTwo pilot plants for cathode and battery assembly were built for French and Chinese companies nearby the Potosi city
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