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Paper 1: Japanese expansion
Created by
Ben
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Updated
10 months ago
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Development of Celtic and Italic
Events
Commodor Perry arrives in Japan
Treaty of Kanagawa is signed between Japan and USA
Emperor's powers restored
Sino-Japanese Friendship and Trade Treaty signed in Tientsin
Treaty of Portsmouth
Japan annexes Korea
Japan seizes German possessions in Shandong
"21 Demands" are made on China
Treaty of Versailles confirms Japan's gains
Public Security Preservation Law
Triple Intervention
- encourages growth of nationalism and militarism in Japan - reinforces idea that a strong military is necessary for Japan to be successful as a world power and to defend itself against other western powers
- ends Japan's diplomatic isolation - first military alliance between a western and non-western nation
- Russia is forced to accept - Japanese are disspaointed (expected more) - Japan gains control over Korea, some of south Manchuria, railways in Manchuria, south of Sakhalin island - affirms Japan's belief in destiny as leader of Asia
- Japan declares war on Germany and seizes military bases - Navy occupies South Pacific possessions
- China is required to agree to Japanese in Shandong - Japan has extra commercial privileges - China must not lease any more coastal territory to other powers - China must accept political, financial and military advisers from Japan - demands are later modified due to sharp reaction from Britain and USA
- secures former German Pacific islands, Germany's former economic privileges on Shandong Peninsula - Japan is established as a naval power in Western Pacific - failure to get racial equality clauses included in Charter of League of Nations (USA and Britain afraid of immigration)
Periods
Sino-Japanese War
Anglo-Japanese alliance
Russo-Japanese war
Siberian Expedition
First World War
Washington Naval Conference
Reign of Emperor Hirohito
Japanese military expansion increases
- surprise attack against Russians, 1904 - success in land battles, at great cost of life - decisive at sea; Russian fleet destroyed in Tsushima strait
- Japan takes advantage by supplying goods to Allies - supplies orders to Asian markets that Allies cannot fulfil - Exports flourish, Japan becomes more self-sufficient, develops industries to produce previously imported goods
- 70,000 men sent to support whites in Russian civil war - defeated by Bolsheviks, withdrew in 1922 - encourages mistrust of Japan in USA and Britain - attacks on Japanese government due to cost of intervention in Russia, loss of prestige, failure to control army
Washington Naval Conference (copy)
