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DNA
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Katie Pline
⟶ Actualizado 29 oct 2019 ⟶
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Gregor Mendel introduces the concept of genetics with his pea plant experiments
Friedrich miescher discovers the first traces of DNA, which he named "nuclein"
Phoebus Levene determines that DNA is comprised of sugar, phosphate, and a nitrogenous base.
Frederick Griffith conducts his experiment on mice, thus concluding that bacteria could exchange DNA through transformation.
Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase conduct an experiment in which they irradiated the protein cases and DNA of viruses, they concluded, through observing that the DNA had been passed to the host cell of the bacteria, that DNA was the genetic material of living organisms.
Erwin Chargaff discovers that the ratio of cytosine to guanine and adenine to thymine is 1:1, meaning that the aforementioned base pairs always match up with each other.
Oswald Avery and his associates expanded upon the findings of griffith, using heat killed S cells to demonstrate the transformation of DNA
Rosalind Franklin captures the first recorded picture of DNA within "photo 51", which would later be used to create the first model of DNA
Barbara McClintock discovers mobile genetic elements, and later goes on to describe the process of gene transposition and how it relates to expression
Watson and crick develop the first model of DNA using the discoveries made by previous scientists like Rosalind Franklin.
Mary-Claire King discovers the gene thought to be responsible for hereditary breast cancer
J. Venter and Francis Collins developed expressed sequence tags, which allowed scientists to tag genes in a way that was not possible before. This discovery lead to the mapping of the human genome.
Roger Kornberg discovers the importance of histone proteins in relation to how they impact the structure of chromatin.
Marshall Nirenberg discovers the first triple sequence within DNA that codes for a specific amino acid.
The beginning of the eugenics movement, which saw a notably "darker" period of time following the discoveries of Mendel, in which specific scientists began to theorize how these newfound genetic principles could be applied to the creation of human offspring.
Sir Archibald Garrod is the first person to link the findings of Mendel to possible genetic diseases, specifically how they could be controlled by expressed genes.
An extra copy of chromosome 21 is discovered to be the root of down's syndrome.
Frederick Sanger develops a method in which scientists can rapidly sequence DNA