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Created byKatie Pline
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Gregor Mendel introduces
the concept of genetics
with his pea plant
experimentsFriedrich miescher
discovers the first
traces of DNA, which
he named "nuclein"Phoebus Levene
determines that DNA
is comprised of sugar,
phosphate, and a nitrogenous
base.Frederick Griffith
conducts his
experiment on
mice, thus
concluding that
bacteria could
exchange DNA
through transformation.Alfred Hershey and Martha
Chase conduct an experiment
in which they irradiated the
protein cases and DNA of viruses,
they concluded, through observing
that the DNA had been passed to
the host cell of the bacteria, that
DNA was the genetic material of living
organisms.Erwin Chargaff discovers
that the ratio of cytosine to
guanine and adenine to thymine
is 1:1, meaning that the aforementioned
base pairs always match up with
each other.Oswald Avery and his
associates expanded
upon the findings of
griffith, using heat killed
S cells to demonstrate
the transformation of
DNARosalind Franklin captures
the first recorded picture of
DNA within "photo 51", which
would later be used to create
the first model of DNABarbara McClintock
discovers mobile
genetic elements,
and later goes on to describe
the process of gene
transposition and how it
relates to expressionWatson and crick develop
the first model of DNA using
the discoveries made by previous
scientists like Rosalind Franklin.Mary-Claire King discovers
the gene thought to be
responsible for hereditary
breast cancerJ. Venter and Francis Collins
developed expressed sequence
tags, which allowed scientists
to tag genes in a way that was
not possible before. This
discovery lead to the mapping
of the human genome.Roger Kornberg discovers
the importance of histone
proteins in relation to how
they impact the structure
of chromatin.Marshall Nirenberg discovers
the first triple sequence within
DNA that codes for a specific
amino acid.The beginning of the eugenics
movement, which saw a notably
"darker" period of time following
the discoveries of Mendel, in which
specific scientists began to theorize
how these newfound genetic principles
could be applied to the creation of human
offspring.Sir Archibald Garrod is the
first person to link the findings
of Mendel to possible genetic
diseases, specifically how they
could be controlled by expressed
genes.An extra copy of
chromosome 21 is
discovered to be the
root of down's syndrome.Frederick Sanger develops
a method in which scientists
can rapidly sequence DNA
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