Creek War (jan 1, 1813 – aug 1, 1814)
Description:
A war between opposing Creek factions, the Red Sticks and the Lower Creeks. The latter was backed by local US militias, while the former was supplied by British and Spanish. As the US continued to expand west, the Creek tribe in the South began to splinter. The progressive Lower Creeks started to assimilate into Western culture, while the nativist Red Sticks resisted change, and rallied around Tecumseh. Red Sticks proceeded to attack Lower Creeks, then their conflict with white militia began on July 21 in the Battle of Burnt Corn. On August 30, 1813, the Red Sticks killed several hundred at Fort Mims in the Fort Mims Massacre, which encouraged more Americans into the war, and also soured relations with the friendly Lower Creeks. A notable commander was Colonel Andrew Jackson, who led military campaigns in Tennessee. His battalion suffered from supply shortages and low enlistment numbers, but eventually he managed to get the Red Sticks to surrender. Despite the alliance with the Lower Creeks, Jackson forced the tribe to cede 21 million acres of Creek land in Georgia and Alabama. This war helped Jackson to become a national hero, and helped him win the 1828 and 1832 elections.
Deaths:
~575 Americans/Lower Creek
~1600 Red Stick
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