Phase 3. Reign of Terror — 5 September 1793 to 28 July 1794 (sep 5, 1793 – jul 28, 1794)

Description:

The Terror officially begins on 5 September 1793 and ends when Robespierre is executed on 28 July 1794. Thousands are arrested or killed as the government hunts “enemies of the revolution.
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stage 1 — Early Terror (Sept–Dec 1793)
The government sets up the machinery of repression: the Revolutionary Tribunal, the Committee of Public Safety, and the Law of Suspects. Executions begin to rise sharply as the Revolution targets “enemies of the state,” including Marie Antoinette and the Girondins.
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stage 2 — High Terror / Great Terror (Jan–June 1794)
Violence peaks as Robespierre and the Committee of Public Safety tighten control, executing rival factions like the Hébertists and Dantonists. This phase is marked by ideological purity, mass executions, and Robespierre’s attempt to reshape society through the Cult of the Supreme Being.
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stage 3 — Thermidorian Reaction (July 1794)
The Convention turns against Robespierre, fearing they will be his next victims, and arrests him on 9 Thermidor. His execution on 28 July 1794 ends the Terror and begins a more moderate phase of the Revolution.

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