Inclusion - Timeline

students with mild disabilities were mainstreamed with students without disabilities.

Regular education initiative

IDEA

Nondiscriminatory identification, assessment and evaluation Least restrictive environment Individualized Education Programs (IEP) Procedural Safeguards Suspensions and expulsions Confidentiality and access to information Service for infants, toddlers, and preschoolers Funding for early intervention

From Segregation to Inclusion

Inclusion begins

Special Education in 80's

Inclusion Movement begins

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954) separate is not equal

Six Principles of IDEA Due process: Fair and specific procedures related to assessment, identification, and placement and must be followed for all students. Equal protection: Same as the 14th amendment. Students with disabilities have the same rights as students without disabilities Zero reject: Regardless of severity of disability, no child can be excluded from school.

Free and appropriate public education (FAPE): IEP’s must contain full range of appropriate direct and related educational services at not cost to the families.

Least restrictive environment (LRE): Students with disabilities should be educated to the maximum extent appropriate with students without disabilities. They should be removed from the general education classroom only when the curriculum and instruction cannot be adapted to achieve satisfactory results. Nondiscriminatory assessment: Students must be assessed in their language using nonbiased evaluation instruments

Principles of IDEA 2004

Individualized Education Plan

No Child Left Behind (NCLB) of 2001