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March 32, 2023
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The Third Crusade
Created by
Emily Cramp
⟶ Updated 30 Nov 2018 ⟶
List of edits
Timelines by
Emily Cramp
:
29 Nov 2018
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513
Battle of Hattin
15 Nov 2018
0
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346
The British Mandate
21 Feb 2019
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338
La transición a la democracia
13 Sep 2018
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334
Timeline of the consequences of the Second Crusade and the Muslim Counter Crusade
3 Nov 2018
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319
First arab Israeli war
29 Oct 2018
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267
The counter crusade
7 Nov 2018
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228
Edward VI
Comments
Events
Archbishop Joscelius of Tyre sailed for the Latin East with news of the fall of Christiandom in the holy land
Pope Urban II died and was succeeded by Gregory VIII - Gregory stated a proclamation promising spiritual (religious) and temporal rewards for all those who would crusade to retrieve the True Cross
Richard the Lionhart promised to lead the crusade, before full news of Saladin’s victories could spread
on way to crusade, Richard won a major battle in Cyprus - defeating the byzantine forces, who he had been neutral with, but who had mistreated three ships of crusaders
Richard marched to Jaffa to recapture lands in Palestine. His soldiers were outnumbered and attacked on route, and yet he managed to win victory in capturing the city.
Noting that Saladin was not going to attack and was in a state of preparation, Guy of Lusignan took the initiative and attacked the city of Acre. He was outnumbered, but within days 12,000 Crusaders arrived to assist him in the seige and the Third Crusade had begun
Saladin became aware of the incoming Third Crusade. He soon considered plans to try and launch an attack on antioche and tripoli in 1189, but Saladin chose to instead prepare for the coming crusade.
Saladin became aware of the incoming Third Crusade. He soon considered plans to try and launch an attack on Antioch and tripoli in 1189, but Saladin chose to instead prepare for the coming crusade.
Saladin began to reassemble and build his troops again - after the crusader march to Jerusalem, led by richard, the muslim world was in fear and disarray over the crusader threat; Saladin needed to both unite and reassure them
Both Philip and Richard arrived at Acre and helped capture the city in a number of weeks.
saladin was initially reluctant to bargain for peace, but he found it impossible to launch a counter-attack - he signed a peace treaty that returned the true Cross, 200 named Frank soldiers, 1500 unnamed soldiers, and 200,000 dinnar
The shock of Richard taking the cross (agreeing to fight in the holy wars) had major ramifications for European politics - a political squabble broke out between Henry and Philip
after seeing both Henry and Philip take the cross, Frederick Barbarosa (of Germany) took the cross
Saladin died of illness.
The German crusaders faced a set back. On the German front, Frederick barbarosa died in 1190 when he fell in a river in the near east, beyond Constantinople.
saladin did not adhere to the peace treaty, and this aggrevated Richard the Lionheart who regularly extended the terms. Eventually, Richard had the captured muslims executed in sight of Saladin’s soldiers to send a message - the True Cross was never returned
Philip (of France) and Richard (The Lionheart) both left for crusade (men from their country had already gone) - Philip bought more than 17,000 soldiers and Richard, alongside his soldiers, had organised for more than 100 ships to take the army from marseilles across to the holy lands
Richard is left on his own as the only remaining Crusader King in the holy land, as Philip returned to France
Richard, having fallen ill again, left the Holy Land to return home.
Richard failed to launch a second attempt to recapture Jerusalem, despite potentially having power. He took to trying to maintain the currently captured lands.
Richard, on route home, is captured and imprisoned in Italy before later gaining his freedom. He is then caught in a battle with the French and is killed by crossbow in France..
Battle of Jaffa is the last battle of the third crusade, and sees the signing of a treaty (The Treaty of Jaffa) that significantly reduces skirmishes and fighting
