History of Printing
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Updated: 16 Oct 2017
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Created byKAI ANDERSON
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The Chinese have the necessary elements to begin printmaking.The Diamond Sutra, the first known printed book, is made.At the initiative of Chinese Minister Fong Tao, a collection of Chinese classics in 3 volumes is made.Magistrate Wang Chen seemingly had over 60,000 letters carved into wooden blocks, along with having invented horizontal compartmented cases rotating around an axis to handle the type easier, for the purpose of publishing a treatise on the history of technology.Papermaking centres begin to appear in Italy, after the technique was rediscovered into Europe.Max Miedinger, alongside input from Eduard Hoffmann, develops the Helvetica typeface that has since become a hallmark in graphic design.American brothers Thomas and John Knoll created Photoshop, the distribution rights to which were bought by Adobe.Adobe purchases the rights to Photoshop from the Knoll brothers for $35m.Decrease in physical printingLithography is invented by German author and actor Alois Senefelder as a cheap way to publish his theatrical works.The three-stone lithographic process is discovered by French artist and Lithographer Jules Chéret, leading to modern advertising.Typical high detail poster design lost much of its appeal by this point, simply due to overexposure to the style.Lucian Bernhard also helped pave the way to Modernism, using simple and striking designs, often times simply featuring the product and its logo with a minimal colour scheme, to truly catch onlookers' eyes.Periods
Empress Shōtoku of Japan orders the creation of the first known printed works: Buddhist Incantations.Chinese Alchemist Pi Sheng conceives an early form of movable type, created with a mixture of clay and glue that is then baked.In Korea, King Taejong put extensive work into the furthering of typography. In 1403, he ordered a bronze-cast set of 100,000 letters, with nine more sets following from then until 1516.A press to automate liphography - a liphograph - is created by Senefelder as a way to make the process even easier. Demand for liphography increases dramatically and by 1970 there were at least 480 total liphographs in just the United States.
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