28 set 1799 ano - Napoleon Bonaparte
Descrição:
He was popular general who came from a minor Corsican family of nobles (middle class). He tried to uphold some gains of the revolution for his own benefit.
1799- overthrows the Directory in a Coupt d'etat (blow of state) while France is still at war
1802- make himself First Consul for Life. he brings political stability to a land previously torn by revolution.
1804- crowns himself emperor of France. During the crowning ceremony Napoleon takes the crown from the pope and puts it on his own head, showing the state is more powerful than the church. This is a switch from the reign of Charlemagne who was crowned by the pope.
While in charge, he unified the legal system and created the Napoleonic code, which is still the basis for legal code in Latin America. It showed equality before the law, unlike Hammurabi's Code.
He promoted freedom of religion, freedom to work the occupation of choice, and everyone payed the same taxes. However he emphasized that the state is above the individual and patriarchy (women lose rights).
He established lycees, which were government run schools that taught students to serve the state. Usually only the wealthy could educate their children, but this was a pre-runner to public education.
annexed French territory, and ended absolute monarchies in countries he took over. In these areas he appointed friends/family, originally making people happy to be rid of their kings. As a result he inadvertently creates nationalism which leads to rebellions in occupied states
created metric system
Adicionado na linha do tempo:
Chapter 28
Revolutions and National States in the Atlantic World
Data:
