Gregory VII (may 16, 1073 – feb 3, 1085)
Description:
Introduced the Gregorian calendar. Condemned simony and introduced universal celibacy among the clergy.He also declared papal authority to be blessed, and therefore lawful and able to bestow imperial and royal power.
Opposed by the king of Germany, Henry IV, in the investiture controversy - a conflict of church and state.
Added to timeline:
Date:
may 16, 1073
feb 3, 1085
~ 11 years