War​ ​of​ ​the​ ​Pacific (jan 5, 1879 – nov 13, 1884)

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In​ ​1879,​ ​Chile​ ​and​ ​Bolivia​ ​went​ ​to​ ​war​ ​after​ ​a​ ​dispute
concerning​ ​the​ ​mineral​ ​rich​ ​Atacama​ ​Desert,​ ​then​ ​the
part​ ​of​ ​Bolivia​ ​that​ ​touched​ ​the​ ​Pacific​ ​Ocean.​ ​ ​It​ ​was
rich​ ​in​ ​animal​ ​droppings​ ​(mainly​ ​bat,​ ​pelicans​ ​and​ ​other
birds)​ ​used​ ​to​ ​make​ ​gunpowder​ ​and​ ​fertilizer.​ ​Other
minerals​ ​were​ ​there​ ​as​ ​well.​ ​ ​Peru,​ ​which​ ​had​ ​a​ ​military
alliance​ ​with​ ​Bolivia,​ ​was​ ​drawn​ ​into​ ​the​ ​war​ ​as​ ​well.
By​ ​1881​ ​the​ ​Chilean​ ​army​ ​had​ ​captured​ ​Lima​ ​and​ ​by
1884​ ​Bolivia​ ​signed​ ​a​ ​truce.​ ​As​ ​a​ ​result​ ​of​ ​the​ ​war,​ ​Chile
gained​ ​the​ ​disputed​ ​coastal​ ​province​ ​once​ ​and​ ​for​ ​all,
leaving​ ​Bolivia​ ​landlocked,​ ​and​ ​also​ ​gained​ ​the​ ​province
of​ ​Arica​ ​from​ ​Peru.​ ​The​ ​Peruvian​ ​and​ ​Bolivian​ ​nations
were​ ​devastated,​ ​needing​ ​years​ ​to​ ​recover.

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