Pope Pius IX (mar 8, 1846 – dec 12, 1878)
Description:
Initially cautious about supporting Italian unification; changed his mind to absolutely hating it when driven from Rome during upheavals with AustriaStarted trend of future papacy's opposing most modern trends in general
wrote Syllabus of Errors in 1864 -- strongly denounced rationalism, socialism, separation of church and state, and religious liberty
Added to timeline:
Date:
mar 8, 1846
dec 12, 1878
~ 32 years