Umayyad Dynasty (jan 1, 661 – jan 1, 750)

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The Umayyad Dynasty rose to power after the assassination of the fourth Islamic Caliph, Ali. The Umayyads were previously a prominent Meccan merchant clan and ruled with an obvious bias towards Arabs. The Umayyads did not allow non-Arabs, whether they were Muslim or not, to serve in the military or government, and made policies which reflected Arab views, rather than the views of the Dar Al-Islam as a whole. The Umayyad Dynasty was toppled by rebellions and a lack of effort put into ruling by the Umayyads themselves. Furthermore, during this point in Islamic history, the regions of the Dar al-Islam began to initiate in a trade with each other which strengthened both the Agricultural productivity and the economy of the Dar Al-Islam as a whole. (3.1)(3.2)(3.3)

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