The Oil Pollution Act of 1990 (OPA) (101 H.R.1465, P.L. 101-380)[1] was passed by the 101st United States Congress and signed by President George H. W. Bush.[2] It works to avoid oil spills from vessels and facilities by enforcing removal of spilled oil and assigning liability for the cost of cleanup and damage, requires specific operating procedures; defines responsible parties and financial liability; implements processes for measuring damages; specifies damages for which violators are liable; and establi (may 20, 1990