Henri I (jul 21, 1031 – jul 4, 1060)

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son of Robert II and Constance of Arles. The royal demesne of France reached its smallest size during his reign, and for this reason he is often seen as emblematic of the weakness of the early Capetians. The reign of Henri I, like those of his predecessors, was marked by territorial struggles. Initially, he joined his brother Robert, with the support of their mother, in a revolt against his father (1025). His mother, however, supported Robert as heir to the old king, on whose death Henry was left to deal with his rebel sibling. In 1032, he placated his brother by giving him the duchy of Burgundy, which his father had given him in 1016. In an early strategic move, Henry came to the rescue of his very young nephew-in-law, the newly appointed Duke William of Normandy. In 1051, William married Matilda of Flanders, which Henry saw as a threat to his throne. In 1054, and again in 1057, Henry invaded Normandy, but on both occasions he was defeated. He was succeeded by his son, Philippe I, who was 7 at the time of his death; for six years Henry's queen Anne of Kiev ruled as regent.

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