Industrial Revolution (Second) (jan 15, 1870 – jan 15, 1914)

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Industrialization altered the structure and function of cities. The agrarian way of life that the Americans have been familiar with and based upon which the American way of life was built, is
With the advent of steam power, production was no longer restricted to river-sides, which was what traditional manufacturing relied on for it's source of power. Instead factories clustered in cities to leverage economics of agglomeration, economics of scale in transport as well as production. As the cities became centers of production and economic power, rural and immigrant population swarmed to industrialized cities to work the machines.
Cities double or tripled in population over a short period of a few decades, and the working class making low wages squeezed into tenement housing. These housing development did not provide adequate amenities to accommodate the needs of so many people living there and became sanitary and safety hellholes.

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