The Great Schism (jan 1, 1378 – jan 1, 1417)

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The Great Schism was the result of Babylonian Captivity, where King Philip the Fair of France moved Pope Clement V to Avignon. Due to the Avignon Popes' damage to papal prestige, Rome decided to elect their own Pope. So, countries had to choose which Pope to support: either the Roman Pope, Pope Urban VI, or the French Pope, Pope Clement VII. France, Scotland, Aragon, Castile, Portugal, and Italian city-states supported Pope Clement VII, while England and Germany supported Pope Urban VI.