Yehudah ben Tabbai & Shimon ben Shetach (jan 1, 100 BC – jan 1, 60 BC)

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Yehudah ben Tabbai and Shimon ben Shetach were the third pair of Zugot. They lived during one of the most dramatic Hasmonean periods, connected with Alexander Jannaeus and Queen Salome Alexandra. Jewish tradition especially remembers Shimon ben Shetach as a powerful rabbinic figure who helped strengthen Torah law and the authority of the sages.

For your timeline, this pair is useful because they stand in the middle of the conflict between royal Hasmonean power and Pharisaic/rabbinic authority. Their period shows how the sages became more influential in shaping Jewish law, courts, and education during the Second Temple era.

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