Benjamin Netanyahu (jan 1, 2009 – jan 1, 2021)

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Netanyahu returned as prime minister in 2009 and served continuously until 2021, making this his longest stretch in office. His governments focused on security, Iran, economic liberalization, technology growth, and opposition to many international pressures. He also built strong ties with some world leaders and promoted Israel as a regional power.

Major events included wars and operations in Gaza, conflict over Iran’s nuclear program, and the Abraham Accords with several Arab states. His long rule was also marked by deep political polarization, corruption charges, and repeated elections.

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