Ruzagayura famine, Rwanda-Burundi Deaths: 36,000–50,000 Affected: Mass emigration to surrounding countries (jan 1, 1943 – dec 1, 1944)

Description:

The principal cause of the famine was several prolonged periods of drought in the region in early 1943. However, the problem was exacerbated by attempts of the colonial authorities to send agricultural produce to the Belgian Congo, as part of the Allied war effort, in World War II.

The colonial administration, together with Christian missionaries, began to transport food to a supply point in Usumbura (presently Bujumbura).[The Rwandan king, Mutara III Rudahigwa, sent aid to the affected region.

By the time the famine ended in December 1944, between 36,000 and 50,000 people (between one-fifth and one-third of the total regional population) died of hunger in the territory.

Several hundred thousand people emigrated away from Ruanda-Urundi, most to the Belgian Congo but also to Uganda as well. The migration also served to create further political instability in the areas affected by the mass influx of Rwandans.

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