1932-1968: 5th Party System (mar 1, 1932 – nov 1, 1968)

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During the 5th Party System (March 1932-November 1968), the U.S. political landscape was shaped by liberal Democrats and conservative Republicans. Democrats, led by figures like FDR, JFK, and LBJ, advocated for a strong central government, workers' protections, civil rights expansion, and economic recovery through the New Deal. Their supporters included ethnic minorities, labor unions, and urban workers. In contrast, Republicans, led by Nixon, Goldwater, and Eisenhower, emphasized states' rights, limited government intervention, anti-communism, and support for business. They attracted white southerners, business leaders, and suburban voters. Democrats were pro-labor and supportive of immigration, while Republicans were pro-business and more restrictive on immigration, especially during the Red Scare. On foreign policy, Democrats were internationalist, whereas Republicans were strongly anti-communist. The era saw increasing support for social change, particularly women's rights and civil rights, though Republicans had a more mixed stance on civil rights, with conservatives often opposing them.

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