First Iraqi-Kurdish War (sep 11, 1961 – mar 11, 1970)

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Following his takeover of the Iraqi government in 1958, Prime Minister Qasim invites Mustafa Barzani back from his previous exile and promises autonomy, or self-government, for the Kurdish region of Iraq that he represented, in return for his support of Qasim's policies. Despite Barzani's following through, Qasim does not uphold his part in the agreement, resulting in a longstanding conflict between the Iraqi government and the Kurdish people led by Barzani, leader of the Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP). Ultimately, the first war ends in a stalemate and results in upwards of 105,000 casualties.

The Kurdish people, or Kurds, of Kurdistan, a geographic region roughly encompassing southeastern Turkey, northern Iraq, northwestern Iran, and northern Syria, have sought to obtain recognition either as an independent state or a self-governing region within its existing national boundaries.

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