Rwandan Genocide (apr 7, 1994 – jul 19, 1994)

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The Rwandan genocide, also known as the genocide against the Tutsi, occurred from April 7 to July 19, 1994, during the Rwandan Civil War. It involved the systematic killing of Tutsi ethnic group members, moderate Hutu, and Twa by Hutu militias. The genocide was marked by extreme violence, with victims often murdered by neighbors, and widespread sexual violence, with between 250,000 and 500,000 women raped. The war was fueled by long-standing ethnic tensions and the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), which invaded Rwanda from Uganda in 1990. The Arusha Accords in 1993 reached a tentative peace, but the assassination of President Juvénal Habyarimana in April 1994 ignited the genocide. Despite the atrocities, the international community failed to intervene. The RPF resumed military operations, eventually defeating government forces and capturing all government-controlled territory. This led to the flight of génocidaires and Hutu refugees into Zaire, contributing to regional instability and triggering the First Congo War in 1996. The genocide's legacy in Rwanda remains significant, with public holidays and laws criminalizing "genocide ideology" and "divisionism."

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