Williamite Confiscations & Penal Laws 1690s–1800s (jan 1, 1690 – jan 1, 1778)

Description:

Following the Battle of the Boyne (1690) and the defeat of the Jacobites, Catholic landowners faced further land confiscations.
The Penal Laws (1695–1778) restricted Catholic inheritance rights, land ownership, and education, making it difficult for Gaelic families like the Quirks to maintain written genealogical records.
Many records from this period were deliberately excluded from state documentation unless they were tied to land disputes or military involvement.

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