2007-2013: Rafah Crossing & Egypt (jan 1, 2007 – jul 2, 2013)

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Initially, Egypt maintained a semi-open border at the Rafah crossing (the only non-Israeli controlled entry point for Gaza) but, in 2007, Egypt also imposed restrictions on this crossing after Hamas took control of Gaza. Egypt periodically opened the Rafah crossing for humanitarian reasons, but it was largely closed due to security concerns and political reasons.

Sisi led the 2013 Egyptian coup d’état, overthrowing Morsi on 3 July 2013

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