The First Anglo-Afghan War (mar 1, 1839 – oct 1, 1842)

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The First Anglo-Afghan War (1839–1842) was fought between the British East India Company and Afghan forces, primarily over British concerns about Russian influence in Central Asia. The British initially succeeded in installing a puppet ruler, Shah Shuja, but widespread Afghan resistance led to a disastrous retreat from Kabul in 1842, with nearly the entire British force annihilated. A subsequent punitive expedition restored British prestige, but the war ended in strategic failure, solidifying Afghanistan's reputation as the "Graveyard of Empires." The conflict highlighted the challenges of intervening in Afghan politics and terrain.

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