The Punitive Era (jan 1, 1935 – jan 1, 1945)

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The punitive era that resulted was characterized by the belief that prisoners owed a debt to society that only a rigorous period of confinement could repay. Writers of the period termed such beliefs the convict bogey and the lock psychosis,1551 referring to the fact that convicts were to be both shunned and securely locked away from society. Large maximum-security institutions flourished, and the prisoner’s daily routine became one of monotony and frustration.

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