his elder war years and prize for it (jan 1, 1896 – dec 1, 1909)
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During the years 1896 to 1898 Pulitzer was drawn into a bitter circulation battle with William Randolph Hearst's Journal in which there were no apparent restraints on sensationalism or fabrication of news. The World exposed a fraudulent payment of $40 million by the United States to the French Panama Canal Company. Pulitzer refused to retreat, and The World persisted in its investigation. When the courts dismissed the indictments, Pulitzer was applauded for a crucial victory on behalf of freedom of the press.
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