The GOI Act of 1919 (jan 1, 1919 – dec 31, 1919)

Description:

- also called Montague-Chelmsford Reform --> clarified that there would be a gradual development of self-governing institutions in India
- Relaxation of central control over the provinces by demarcating and separating the central and provincial subjects --> each council making law on their own subjects

Provincial
- Dyarchy in the province with the governor as the executive head
- Two lists for administration- Reserved vs Transferred --> Transferred were to be administered by the governor with the aid of ministers whereas reserved subjects by the Governor and his executive council
- 70% of members were elected now; few of them were nominated to be ministers and eventually control the Transferred list
- governor's assent was required to pass any bill
- separated the provincial and central budget for the 1st time

Central
- Bicameral central legislature consisting of Council of State and Legislative Assembly --> each house to have a majority of members who were directly elected ----> direct elections were introduced
- two lists - central and provincial - the concept of the 7th Schedule building up
- Extensive powers to GG and Governors i.e GG can enact laws which he considered essential for safety, tranquility, or interests of the British Government
- Franchisee expansion
- 3 Indians out of 8 membered executive council
- Central legislatures although more representative but no power to vote supplies and no power to replace the government

- communal electorates were extended with separate electorates to Sikhs, Christians and Anglo-Indians and Europeans besides Muslims
- High-Commissioner for India to be appointed who will hold the office for 6 years. Some functions performed by SOS to be transferred to him
- provided for establishment of Public Service Commission

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