Reformation (dec 23, 1517 – dec 23, 1648)

Description:

Reformation: conflict with the Church

Protestantism: does not believe in the "Church" only in the Bible

Everyone was loyal to Catholic Church until Protestant Reformation- broke up into many different religions

Causes:
- humanism & secularism led to questioning of Church
- pope is viewed as a foreign ruler
- merchants don't life paying taxes to the Church
- Church corruption- indulgences (buying positions in the Church)
- printing press- ideas spread (self-spreading)
- why Germany: small kingdoms couldn't push back against the pope; more demand for indulgences and corruption in Germany because there were many kings

Effects:
- Lutheranism quickly spread throughout Germany (where there were weaker popes) and Northern Europe
- political, economic, & social upheaval because
1. Luther undermined pope
2. Leads to disobeying rulers too
3. Became reason to attack neighbors
4. Reason for peasant revolt against lords
5. Extreme religious movements: zeolotry

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