Qing Dynasty (jan 1, 1644 – jan 1, 1911)

Description:

Chinese Dynasty under control of northern Manchu people:
- Used gunpowder, cannons, and armed trade
- Largest in 18th century
- Rejected maritime trade
- innovative tax-collection systems to generate revenue
- separated Manchu from Chinese
- More competitive civil service exam
- Court of Colonial Affairs: separate office from rest of China, employed local nobles, dressed as Han Chinese (sometimes abused authority)
- Greatly expanded China
- Contributed to shift from Land based to oceanic trade

-Takeover facilitated by famine and rebellion as a result of little ice age
-Ended due to loss in Opium Wars, forced trade, unequal treaties and internal rebelllions in the 1911 revolution

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