Texas (jan 1, 1836 – jan 1, 1848)

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1836 Anglo Texans are defeated at the Alamo. They declare Texas independent and go on to defeat Mexico's military forces.

1837 The United States officially recognizes Texas as independent. Mexico does not.

1839 France becomes the first European power to recognize Texas as independent of Mexico. Great Britain, Holland and Belgium do so months later.

1841 The President of the Republic of Texas sends an army into New Mexico, hoping to annex it and other territory, including California. A Mexican force drives the invaders back to Texas.

1845 The Congress of the United States approves the annexation of Texas. Mexico breaks relations with the United States. President Polk sends troops to Texas.

1847 (Jan 10) Mexicans lose Los Angeles to the United States Marines. The war in California is essentially over.

1847 Members of the Donner Party are starving in the Sierra Nevada Mountains in California, and they turn to cannibalism.

1848 (Feb 2) The war between Mexico and the United States ends with the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. The United States wins recognition of its possession of Alto California, New Mexico and Texas to the Rio Grande. Mexico is given a guarantee of rights for the people who had been living in these areas and loyal to Mexico.

1867 The United States Congress abolishes peonage in the territory of New Mexico.

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