460 B.C.E - 431 B.C.E Peloponnesian War (jan 1, 460 BC – jan 1, 431 BC)

Description:

Byzantium was a critical location during the Peloponnesian war. Both Sparta and Athens vied for its control, especially because Athens relied on it for a steady supply of grain through the entrance to the Black Sea. For various reasons, Byzantium ends up defecting to Sparta. In the coming years, control of Byzantium goes back and forth between different states as battles are fought often for and around it.

Byzantium was highly influential during this war, and different civilizations continued to fight for it due to its strategic location and economic strength.

Attached is a map of the Byzantine Empire and Byzantium's key location near the entrance to the Black Sea.

Sources:

Demir, Muzaffer. “The Siege of Byzantium during the Peloponnesian Wars, Kitap Içi Bölüm.” Byzantion'dan Constantinopolis'e İstanbul Kuşatmaları, Editörler: Murat Arslan-Turhan Kaçar, İstanbul: İstanbul Araştırmaları Enstitüsü, 2017, 39-62., 12 Nov. 2017, https://www.academia.edu/35122963/The_Siege_of_Byzantium_During_the_Peloponnesian_Wars_kitap_i%C3%A7i_b%C3%B6l%C3%BCm.

Wasson, Donald L. “Byzantium.” World History Encyclopedia, Https://Www.worldhistory.org#Organization, 15 Nov. 2022, https://www.worldhistory.org/Byzantium/.

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