period 1 (jan 1, 1491 – jan 1, 1607)

Description:

Indigenous peoples developed complex societies and methods of interacting with the environment around them. These systems were disrupted and in some cases destroyed by European colonizers, whose arrival and establishment of the Columbian Exchange altered both American and European society. However, indigenous groups resisted colonization efforts, which in some cases successfully led to accommodation of indigenous culture by colonizers.

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