1948 Palestine War/Israeli War of Independence (nov 30, 1947 – jul 20, 1949)

Description:

In Arabic as a central component of the Nakba (lit. 'the disaster'). It is the first war of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict and the broader Arab–Israeli conflict.

During this war, the British Empire withdrew from Mandatory Palestine, which had been part of the Ottoman Empire until 1917.

The war culminated in the establishment of the State of Israel by the Jews of the Yishuv, and saw a complete demographic transformation of the territory the Jews occupied, with the displacement of around 700,000 Palestinian Arabs and the destruction of most of their urban areas. Many Palestinian Arabs ended up stateless, displaced either to the Palestinian territories captured by Egypt and Jordan or to the surrounding Arab states; many of them, as well as their descendants, remain stateless and in refugee camps.

Location: Mandatory Palestine (former), Sinai Peninsula, southern Lebanon

Result:
- Israeli victory
- Arab League strategic failure
-- Jordanian marginal victory
-- Egyptian defeat
-- Palestinian Arab defeat
- Exodus of Palestinian Arabs from modern Israel
- Exodus of Jews from Arab and Muslim countries

Territorial changes: 1949 Armistice Agreements:
- Establishment of the State of Israel beyond the borders proposed by the United Nations Partition Plan
- Occupation of the Gaza Strip by Egypt and subsequent establishment of the All-Palestine Government as an Egyptian client
- Annexation of the West Bank by Jordan (including East Jerusalem)
- Syrian foothold established to the north and south of the Sea of Galilee

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