The United States under the Articles (nov 1, 1781 – may 1, 1789)

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- The central government was weak
- Could claim some credit for the ultimate victory in the war and negotiating peace treaty
- Land Ordinance of 1785: surveying and selling the western lands, set aside some lands for public education
- Northwest Ordinance of 1787: for the territory lying between the Great Lakes and the Ohio River, set up a limited self-government and the prohibition of slavery in the region
- Only sold large parcels of lands, benefited the rich
- Rich resold lands to the poor

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