Second Opium War (oct 8, 1856 – oct 18, 1860)

Description:

Cause (International): Britain and France grew more dissatisfied with the terms they had with China and they wanted opium trade to flourish more, along with desires for commercial privileges and access to more legal and territorial concessions in China.

Effect (International): China was once again defeated and humiliated, and they had to obey the new economic and territorial terms desired by Britain and France.

Cause (Domestic): Japan did not play a part in causing the Opium War.

Effect (Domestic): Japan had observed China's futile attempt to resist illegal Opium trade as well as their humiliation following their defeat; fear of the same treatment caused the Shogun to agree to sign the Convention of Kanagawa (1854) when Commodore Matthew Perry sailed to Japan's coast and attempted to open up trade between Japan and the USA.

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