Thirty Years' War (may 23, 1618 – may 15, 1648)
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The 1618 to 1648 Thirty Years' War was fought primarily in Central Europe. Considered one of the most destructive conflicts in European history, combined estimates of military and civilian deaths range from 4.5 to 8 million, while it has been suggested that up to 60% of the population died in some areas of Germany. Related conflicts include the Eighty Years' War, the War of the Mantuan Succession, the Franco-Spanish War, and the Portuguese Restoration War.
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