Opposition to war (jul 1, 1914 – mar 3, 1917)

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Fierce opposition to the war preparations came primarily from the western and mid-western states where fears that preparedness would lead to the country becoming involved in the war. Populists, Progressives, and Socialists tended to be particularly against the war, with some of the figureheads of the anti-war movement including William-Jennings Bryan, Jane Addams, and Jeannette Rankin (who would become the first woman to be elected to Congress). William-Jennings Bryan actually resigned as Secretary of State when Wilson issued his response to the Lusitania crisis (because Bryan was worried that it would lead to the U.S. entering the war). Many woman suffragists were also opposed to the war, though they would shift to support the war effort after the declaration of war in 1917.

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