The Campaign for Women’s Suffrage: Nineteenth Amendment (jan 1, 1890 – feb 1, 1920)

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The National American Woman Suffrage Association, under the leadership of Carrie Chapman Catt, and the militant suffragists of the National Woman’s party led by Alice Paul made great strides during the Progressive Era. Initially, Cat focused on expanding suffrage at the state level, but later decided that a Constitutional amendment was the only truly effective way to expand and protect women’s’ right to vote nationwide and on a federal level. The suffragists’ efforts paid off in 1920 when the Nineteenth Amendment was ratified by Congress. The amendment finally guaranteed women’s right to vote in all elections from the local to the federal level, though discriminatory laws in the South still prevented thousands of African American women from practicing this right.


Primary Source: "Kaiser Wilson" 1918

The image, 1918: Kaiser Wilson, shows a woman harshly criticizing Wilson’s hypocrisy for being sympathetic to the Germans because they were not self-governed (and so the majority of them had no say in starting the Great War), while American women (20 million of them) still could not vote either in the country that proclaimed itself to be a pinnacle of democracy – the very same country that Wilson was the president of.

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