The Transcendentalists: Brook Farm (apr 1, 1841 – apr 1, 1847)

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George Ripley, a Protestant minister, created a communal experiment (April 1841-47) at Brook Farm in Massachusetts to achieve a closer union between intellectual and manual labor. This transcendentalist farm was one of the many experimental forms of living that had popped up in the United States during the first half of the 19th century, offering a utopia to those that had occupied there. Popular figures such as Emerson, Margaret Fuller, Theodore Parker and Nathaniel Hawthorne stayed at the farm until it was shut down due to insufficient funds to pay off debts and a fire. However, the farm was remembered and respected for the intelligent and artistically created atmosphere that was created because of its inhabitants.

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