Awakening of Reform: Families and women in urban society (SOC, WXT) (feb 13, 1889 – feb 13, 1900)

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Industrialization led to major changes in the way families were structured. For starters, children were usually limited to only seeing their mother and father, no other relative such as cousins or grandparents. Divorce rates increased as states began considering cruelty and desertion as viable reasons for divorce. With the shift from rural to urban life was the reduction of the size of a family. Where in farms having plenty of children meant more people to work the land, in the urban sphere, having children became a liability. As a result, birth rates began a steady decline and family size plummeted. As for women in urban society, it relied on their social status. Generally, women who lived in urban centers had to rely on themselves to make a steady income and work in factories. Women were heavily suppressed but were actively fighting for suffrage rights. After the Seneca Falls convention, feminists led a movement as the National American Woman Suffrage Association to advocate for the voting rights of women. By 1900, some states acknowledged the demands of the women and gave them the right to vote in local elections and to own and control property after marriage.

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