Korean War (jun 25, 1950 – jan 27, 1952)

Description:

America supported the non-communist South Korean dictator, while the Soviets supported the communist North Korean Dictator.
The war resulted in a Soviet victory.

Significance: This was the first major proxy war between America and the Soviet Union. It was incredibly important and would likely guide the direction of the rest of Cold War, as it would display who had more military power (albeit indirectly as this was a proxy war). The US loss meant that Communism had another foothold in the Cold War.

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