Ottoman Empire (jan 20, 1299 – oct 20, 1922)

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Ottoman Empire created by Turkish tribes in Anatolia that grew to be one of the most powerful states in the world during the 15th and 16th centuries. The Ottoman period spanned more than 600 years and came to an end in 1922 At its height the empire encompassed most of southeastern Europe including present-day Hungary, the Balkan region, Greece, and parts of Ukraine; portions of the Middle East now occupied by Iraq, Syria, Israel, and Egypt; North Africa as far west as Algeria; and large parts of the Arabian Peninsula.

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