Zygmunt III Vasa (jan 1, 1587 – jan 1, 1632)
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Born as a Swedish prince, son of Catherine Jagiellon of Poland.
Briefly, Sigismund was also a king of Sweden, joining Poland-Lithuania and Sweden with a personal union. However, being a Catholic, he was unpopular in Lutheran Sweden and dethroned after a short reign.
1600 - In revenge, Sigismund III incorporates northern parts of Livonia into Poland-Lithuania, starting a war.
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