1878- early 1880's: Exodusters (jan 1, 1878 – jan 1, 0)

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The blacks that moved from the South to the West, especially Kansas, from 1878-early 80´s after the Republicans fell. Benjamin Singleton encouraged this exodus the most, passing out flyers advertising the $1.25 per acre. First colony set off in 1878 with Singleton. This worried whites- loss of laborers - so they tried to stop blacks from crossing MIssissippi River. Blacks failed miserable - were not ready for climate, farming conditions, pests, etc - just ended up hiring themselves to whites

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