Unit 2 Timeline
Category: History
Updated: 8 months ago
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Created byNeha Prabakaran
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Events
Graduated Income Tax (Feb 3, 1913)
Part of the Finance Section #3, graduated
income taxes became part of the Constitution
due to the 16th Amendment. This allowed for
the establishment of a federal income tax.Guarantee of safe deposit of money in banks (1933)
This was part of the Finance Section #3. As part
the Banking Act of 1933, the Federal Deposit
Insurance Corporation (FDIC) was created. This
began a national deposit insurance. It provides
protection up to $2500 per depositor.First state-wide adoption of secret ballot (1888)
Massachusetts was the first state to adopt the
secret ballot. I did not find an exact date, only
that it was adopted in 1888. The usage of the
secret ballot was proposed in the Expression of
Sentiments #4. While this example does pre-
cede the Omaha platform, many states would
eventually switch over to secret ballots (the
influence of the populist party's ideas
undoubtedly having an impact). The last was
South Carolina in 1950.Adoption of Initiative and Referendum (1897)
The first state to allow initiative and referen-
dum in their cities was Nebraska. Other states
would follow, and the most recent was Miss-
issippi in 1992. The idea was part of the
Expression of Sentiments #4. Congress had
already required new states to include refer-
endum in 1857. South Dakota was the first to
have it as a statewide process in 1898.Limiting Presidential Term Length (1951)
Although The Expression of Sentiments #4
proposed limiting length to one term, the 22nd
Amendment placed a limit of two terms. The
22nd Amendment was passed due to the
historic election of President Roosevelt for four
terms, but discussion on limiting presidential
terms began before even Washington's
presidency.Direct Election of Senators (Apr 8, 1913)
This idea was part of the Expression of Sentiments #4
and was enacted by the 17th Amendment.
This allows more direct representation of the
people, and it is intended to give the senators a
more direct accountability towards their constituents.Restriction of Immigrants (1924)
Part of The Expression of Sentiments #4,
restricting immigration was realized by the
Immigration Act of 1924. It placed a quota on
immigrants, banned immigrants from Asia,
established border control, and required
immigrants to pass literacy testingPublic Ownership of railroads(1932)
Part of the Transportation section, The
Federal Possession and Control Act of 1917
passed ownership over to the public. Populists
had suggested this with the intent of reducing
shipping rates, but the act was passed to trans
port troops for World War 1 and otherwise
support the war effort. Excluding a few weeks
in 1943 (when President Roosevelt took control
during a strike), the ownership of the railroads
returned to the original owners by 1920.
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