Events
Lend Lease Scheme Ends
Cominform
Dneiper Dam power stronger than pre-war
Food rationing endsComeconMalenkov loses leadershipDecentralisation:
- 105 Economic regions w/Sovnarkhoz
- 60 Moscow Ministries abolishedSupreme Economic Council
Supervise Seven year plan
- Improve living standards
- 40 hour working week
- 40% wage increase (by 1965)
Icebreaker 'Lenin' first civil nuclear-powered ship
Khrushchev visits the US and influenced by Maize
Idea involved 'agrocities'70% Industrial capacity destroyed
Harvest produced less than 60% of pre-war harvests
2/3 agricultural labour force had gone
Many animals have been destroyed
Little agricultural machineryKhrush tells Central Committee:
- Unreliable stats
- Grain output and livestock less than Tsars
But
- Still use Lysenko
Grain prices rise c25% to 1956
Tax reduced - plot size not what they owned
Quotas on private plots cut
Increase in electric farms & MTS
Merge collectives to create larger farms, collectives fall by 1/2 by 1960
Virgin lands attempt in North Kazakhstan and Siberia36m hectares of Virgin land, similiar to Canada
- Komsomol spend time on new farms
- Build settlements, fences and roads
Failures:
- Climate conditions
- Land was worked intensively
- No rotation of wheat and others, solid infertileBad harvest
- Forced to import grain from AmericaCereal: 132m tonnes (82m by Stalin)
Milk: 63m tonnes (36m by Stalin)
Cornflakes were not preferred to buckwheat porridgePeriods
Fourth 5 Year Plan
Industry:
- USSR became 2nd industrial capacity
- Most targets in heavy industry met
- Production 2x & Urban 67m - 77m
Agriculture:
- Procured 70% of 1946 harvest
- Kolkhozes output increased
- Incentives remained low
- 1/2 output from private
- Lysenko's ideas inaccurateFifth 5 Year Plan
Industry:
- Most growth targets met
- National income increased 71%
Agriculture:
- Agriculture still lagged behind industry
- Sheep/goats from 70m to 120mKorean WarSixth 5 year plan
- Too optimisticSeventh 5 year plan
- 'Catch up and overtake USA by 1970'
- Shift from heavy to modern industries
- Expand communications and technology
- Expansion of chemicals industry
- Housing factories for new flats
- Increased production of consumer goods
Successes:
- Railway lines electric, Aeroflot subsidised cheap travel - 200miles and still profit
- 1961 Gugarin first human in space
- Fridge = 151k to 1675k
- Tvs = 500k to 3650k
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