Music History Timeline
Category: Other
Updated: 3 Dec 2018
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Created byLucia Wang
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Famous music festival competition of Pythian gamesEarliest notated manuscript of Gregorian chantBeginnings of Notre Dame polyphonyBeginning of Ars NovaRise of Greek city-statesRome foundedByzantium foundedRoman Republic beginsPlato, "Republic"Aristotle, "Politics"Crucifixion of JesusDestruction of the Second Temple in JerusalemChristianity becomes official Roman religionSaint Augustine, "Confessions"(Monastic) "Rule of Saint Benedict"; Benedictine order foundedGregory I ("the Great") elected popeCharlemagne crowned emperor by popeWatermills and windmills boost productionRomanesque style flourishesNorman Conquest of EnglandCornerstone of Notre Dame of Paris laid; Gothic style flourishes in northern EuropeClement V moves papacy to AvignonBoccaccio, "Decameron"Petrarch diesJoan of Arc burned at the stakeAristoxenus, "Harmonic Elements"“Epitaph of Seikilos”Homer, "Iliad and Odyssey"Pythagoras diesAeschylus, "Agamemnon"Euripides, "Iphigenia in Taurus"Julius Caesar becomes dictatorBirth of JesusNero becomes emperor of RomeBishop Ambrose introduces responsorial psalmody in MilanBoethius, "De institutione musica"Constantine I issues Edict of Milan, proclaiming religious freedom in the Roman EmpireConstantinople becomes new capital of Roman EmpireSeparation of eastern and western Roman empiresCharlemagne becomes king of the Franks with his brotherCharlemagne orders Roman rite used throughout empireMonks at Saint Gall compose tropes and sequencesGoliards flourishHildegard, "Ordo virtutum"Bernart de Ventadorn diesBeatriz de Dia dies"Chanson de Roland", French epic poem“Musica enchiriadis”Aquitanian polyphonyEarly motetsFranconian motetsRomanesque churches and monasteriesFinal split between Roman and Byzantine churchesUniversities of Bologna, Oxford, and Paris establishedCult of the Virgin Mary flourishesRichard Coeur de Lion, king of EnglandSaint Francis of Assisi founds Franciscan orderDu Fay, "Missa Se la face ay pale"Dunstable diesDu Fay diesOckeghem diesPetrucci publishes "Odhecaton A"Josquin diesAttaingnant publishes first collection of chansons in ParisArcadelt, first book of four-part madrigalsZarlino, "Le istitutioni harmoniche"Palestrina, "Pope Marcellus Mass" publishedWilliam Byrd appointed to Chapel RoyalYonge, "Musica transalpina"Dowland, "First Booke of Songes or Ayres"Monteverdi publishes "Fifth Book of Madrigals" and "Cruda Amarilli"Thomas Luis de Victoria diesEnglish under Henry V defeat French at AgincourtDonatello, "David"Feast of the Oath of the Pheasant in LilleFirst voyage of Columbus to AmericaMichelangelo, "David"Martin Luther, "ninety-five theses"Sack of RomeCastiglione, "The Book of the Courtier"Henry VIII breaks with popeExecution of Sir Thomas MoreCopernicus, "On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres"Elizabeth I becomes queen of England and restores Church of EnglandCalvin diesEl Greco, "Burial of the Count of Orgaz"Shakespeare, "Romeo and Juliet"Caravaggio, "The Lute Player"Du Fay, "Se la face ay pale"Du Fay, "Nuper rosarum flores"Binchois diesTinctoris, "Liber de arte contrapuncti"Philip III (the Good) begins his reign as duke of BurgundyTurks conquer ConstantinopleCharles the Bold of Burgundy succeeds Philip III (the Good)Charles the Bold dies in battle; France absorbs duchy of BurgundyPetrucci publishes first volume of Josquin massesJosquin, "Missa Pange lingua"Leonardo da Vinci, "The Last Supper"Henry VIII becomes king of EnglandDu Fay, "Resvellies vous"Binchois, "De plus en plus"Encina publishes "Cancionero"Arcadelt publishes "Il bianco e dolce cigno"Rore publishes "Da le belle contrade d'oriente"Concerto delle donne establishedMorley publishes "My bonny lass she smileth"Marenzio publishes "Solo e pensoso"Morley issues "Triumphes of Oriana"Gesualdo's last book of madrigals "lo parto" publishedSpenser, "The Faerie Queene, Books 1-3"Luys de Narvaez, "Los seys Libros del Delphin"Tielman Susato, "Danserye"Gabrieli, "Sacrae symphoniae"William Byrd, "John come kiss me now"Guarini's pastoral drama "il pastor fido"Dutch East India Company charteredFirst English cholony in Virginia at JamestownKepler sets forth his astronomical lawsShakespeare diesArtemisia Gentileschi, "Judith Slaying Holofernes"Galileo charged with heresy for claiming the Earth revolves around the sunDescartes, "Discourse on Method"Milton, "Paradise Lost"Newton, "Principia mathematica"Frederick the Great becomes king of PrussiaArtusi attacks Monteverdi in printParthenia, "collection of works for virginal", publishedFirst public opera house opens in VeniceHamburg opera house opensAlessandro Scarlatti's first opera in RomeBirths of J. S. Bach and HandelLully, "Armide"Purcell, "Dido and Aeneas"Corelli, "Op. 5 violin sonatas", publishedDeath of BuxtehudeJ. S. Bach diesShakespeare, "Othello"Mayflower brings first English colonists to New EnglandV. Galilei, "Dialogo della musica antica et della moderna"Intermidi for Medici wedding, FlorenceDeath of Palestrina and LassusJacopo Peri, "Dafne"First surviving opera, "L'Euridice", by Peri and Caccini, performed in FlorenceMonteverdi, "L'Orfeo", in MantuaMonteverdi appointed maestro di cappella at Saint Mark's, VeniceFrancesca Caccini, "La liberazione di Ruggiero"Monteverdi, "L'incoronazione di Poppea", in VeniceGabrieli, "Sacrae symphoniae II"Grandi, "O quam tu pulchra es"Schütz, "Symphoniae sacrae I"Schütz, "Kleine geistliche Konzerte"Monteverdi, "Madrigali guerrieri et amorosi"Schütz, "Symphoniae sacrae III"Carissimi, "Jephte"Strozzi, "Lagrime mie"Shakespeare, "Hamlet"Galileo publishes "Starry Messenger"Racine, "Phèdre"First coffeehouse opens in ViennaLouis XIV invades Holy Roman EmpireSalem witchcraft trials in MassachusettsLouis XIV diesThoinot Arbeau, "Orchésographie" publishedMarini, "Sonatas for Violin and Continuo, Op.8" publishedFrescobaldi publishes "Fiori musicali"Gaultier, "La Rhétorique des dieux"Buxtehude appointed arganist at LübeckBuxtehude inaugurates Abendmusik seriesElisabeth-Claude Jacquet de La Guerre, "Pièces de clavecin" publishedArcangelo Corelli, Op.3, "Twelve Trio Sonate da chiesa" publishedFirst daily newspaper in EnglandQuakers demand an end to slavery in British coloniesVoltaire, "Philosophical Letters"Handel in HamburgVivaldi appointed at the PietaBach in WeimarVivaldi, "Concertos, Op. 3 L'estro armonico"Bach, Chorale Prelude on "Durch Adams Fall"Bach in CöthenRameau, "Traité de l'harmonie"Bach, "The Well-Tempered Clavier, Book I"Handel, "Giulio Cesare"Vivaldi, "The Four Seasons"Concert Spirituels begin in ParisBach, "Saint Matthew Passion"Couperin, "Keyboard Suites"Rameau, "Hippolyte et Aricie"Handel, "Saul"George Frideric Handel, "Messiah"Bach, "Musical Offering"Maria Theresa of Austria crowned Holy Roman empressExcavations of Pompeii beginVoltaire, "Candide"Jean-Jacques Rousseau, "The Social Contract"Greuze, "Girl with a Dead Canary"Thomas Gainsborough, "The Blue Boy"Beaumarchais, "Barber of Seville"American Declaration of IndependenceImmanuel Kant, "Critique of Pure Reason"Beaumarchais, "The Marriage of Figaro"The French Revolution beginsEli Whitney invents cotton ginLouis XVI and Marie Antoinette beheadedNapoleon crowns himself emperorHoly Roman Empire dissolvedJane Austen, "Pride and Prejudice" publishedWellington defeats Napoleon at WaterlooJ. S. Bach becomes cantor in LeipzigJoseph Haydn bornHandel diesLudwig van Beethoven bornHaydn makes first trip to London; first London SymphoniesMozart dies in ViennaBeethoven, "Eroica Symphony"Haydn dies"The Beggar's Opera"Hasse, "Cleofide"Pergolesi, "La serva padrona" in NaplesPergolesi, "La serva padrona" in ParisOutbreak of the "Querelle des bouffons"Gluck, "Orfeo ed Euridice" in ViennaWilliam Billings, "Continental Harmony" publishedFirst volume of Denis Diderot's "Encyclopédie" publishedMaria Theresa and Joseph II rule Austria jointlyLeopold II becomes emperorHaydn hired by Prince EsterházyHaydn, "Op. 20 quartets"Mozart concertmaster at SalzburgHaydn, "Op. 33 quartets"Mozart freelances in ViennaMozart writes six piano concertosMozart composes Haydn QuartetsMozart, "Don Giovanni" in PragueHaydn, "Symphony No. 88"Haydn, "The Creation"Beethoven moves to ViennaBeethoven, "Heiligenstadt Testament"Beethoven, "Fidelio" premieres unsuccessfullyPremiere of Beethoven's Fifth and Sixth SymphoniesBeethoven receives lifetime annuityBeethoven, "letter to the Immortal Beloved"Invention of the metronomeBeethoven, "Ninth Symphony"Beethoven diesSchopenhauer, "The World as Will and Representation"First railway begins operating in EnglandDelacroix, "Death of Sardanapalus"Goethe, "Faust", Part IIVictoria crowned queen of EnglandTurner, "Rain, Steam, and Speed: The Great Western RailwayMarx and Engels, "Manifesto of the Communist Party"; beginning of women's suffrage movementBerlioz, "Symphonie fantastique"Schumann, "Dichterliebe"London firm of Broadwood making 2,000 pianos a yearDarwin, "On the Origin of Species by Natural Selection"Victor Emmanuel II becomes king of a united Italy; Serfdom abolished in RussiaAustrian Empire reorganized as Austro-Hungarian monarchyOpening of the Suez Canal; Talstoy, War and PeaceEdison invents the phonographWagner, "Tristan und Isolde"Premiere of Schubert's "Unfinished Symphony"Verdi, Requiem; Musorgsky, "Pictures at an Exhibition"Brahms diesEdison perfects the electric lightbulbRossini, "II barbiere di Siviglia"Weber, "Der Freischütz"Bellini, "Norma"Meyerbeer, "Les Huguenots"Premiere of Wagner's "Der Ring des Nibelungen at Bayreuth"Gilbert and Sullivan, "The Pirates of Penzance"Verdi, "La traviata"Wagner dies; Metropolitan Opera opens in New YorkBizet, "Carmen"Verdi diesLincoln assassinatedSchubert's "Unfinished" SymphonyLiszt's piano performance in Vienna creates a sensationBach-Gesellschaft (Society) foundedLiszt, "Les Préludes"Liszt moves to RomeBrahms, Piano Quintet Op. 34Brahms, First SymphonyDvorak, "Slavonic Dances"Tchaikovsky, Sixth Symphony ("Pathétique"); Dvorak, "New World" SymphonyHugo, "Les Misérables"Spanish-American WarMonet, "Impression: Soleil levant"Munch, "The Scream "Freud, "The Interpretation of Dreams"Pasteur Institute founded in ParisFord begins manufacturing the Eiffel Tower erected Model T automobileEinstein proposes general theory of relativityDoctrine of socialist realism adopted in Soviet UnionMusorgsky, premiere of "Boris Godunov"Wagner, premiere of complete "Ring" cycleVerdi, premiere of "Otello"Rimsky-Korsakov, "Sheherezade"Wolf, "Mörike Lieder"Fauré, "La bonne chanson"Debussy, "Prélude a L'Apres-midi d'un faune"Joplin, "Maple Leaf Rag"Puccini, "Madama Butterfly"Beach, Piano Quintet Op. 67Stravinsky, "The Rite of Spring"Stravinsky and Bartók emigrate to the United StatesPenderecki, "Threnody: To the Victims of Hiroshima"Moog and Buchla synthesizers introducedGubaidulina, "Rejoice!"Sheng, "Seven Tunes Heard in China"Saariaho, "L'Amour de loin"Strauss, "Don Quixote"Ravel, "Jeux d'eau"Rachmaninoff, Prelude in G MinorStrauss, "Salome"Ralph Vaughan Williams, "Fantasia on a Theme of Thomas Tallis"Futurist manifesto, "The Art of Noises"Alexander Scriabin, "Vers la flamme"Ravel, "Le Tombeau de Couperin"Falla, "El amor bruio"Janééek, "The Mahropulos Affair"Rachmaninoff, "Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini"Edison makes first sound recordingSousa, "Stars and Stripes Forever"Cohan, "Little Johnny Jones"Berlin Philharmonic records Beethoven's Fifth SymphonyKing Oliver forms the Creole Jazz BandElectric microphones introducedKern, "Show Boat, Bessie Smith, Back Water Blues"Armstrong and His Hot Five record "West End Blues "Gershwin, "I Got Rhythm from Girl Crazy"Steiner, film score for "King Kong"Ellington, "Cotton Tail"Rodgers and Hammerstein, "Oklahomal"LP records introducedPhilips and Sony unveil the CDSatie, "Parade"Milhaud, "La Création du monde"Gershwin, "Rhapsody in Blue"Cowell, "The Banshee"Champagne, "Suite canadienne"Weill, "The Threepenny Opera"Still, "Afro—American Symphony"Crawford Seeger, "String Quartet"Union of Soviet Composers foundedShostakovich's opera Lady Macbeth attacked in Soviet pressOrff, "Carmina burana"Revueltas, "Homenaje a Federico Garcia Lorca"Shostakovich, Fifth SymphonyProkofiev, music for the film "Alexander Nevsky"Soviet Union cracks down on Prokofiev, Shostakovich, and "formalist" composersDarmstadt school foundedFirst piece of musique concréteCage, "Music of Changes"Ives diesBabbitt, "Philomel"Stravinsky diesCrumb, "Black Angels"Del Tredici, "Final Alice"Adams, "Short Ride in a Fast Machine"Pärt, "Seven Magnificat Antiphons"Corigliano, "The Red Violin" film scoreSaariaho, "L'Amour de loin"; Goliiov, "La Pasi6n segün San Marcos"Adams, "Doctor Atomic"Carter, "Caténaires"John F. Kennedy assassinatedMartin Luther King, Jr. assassinatedFirst humans set foot on the moonBerlin Wall torn downTerrorist attacks on World Trade Center and PentagonErection of the Eiffel Tower for the Paris World's FairWright brothers fly first successful airplaneEinstein's first paper on the theory of relativityCézanne, Mont Sainte-VictoireBraque and Picasso paint first cubist picturesRussian Revolution brings Bolsheviks to powerNew York stock market crash begins Great DepressionGermany absorbs AustriaUnited States enters World War I; Russian RevolutionFirst sponsored radio broadcast in the United StatesEliot, The Waste Land Fascists take over government in ItalySteinbeck, The Grapes of WrathHitler comes to power in GermanyRoosevelt institutes New Deal in United StatesJackson Pollock, "Untitled"World's Fair in BrusselsMoog and Buchla synthesizers introducedStudents riot in Paris, anti-war protests in the United StatesNixon visits ChinaEmbargo forces oil prices to riseResignation of Nixon following Watergate scandalJohn Paul II becomes first Polish popeSuccessful solidarity strikes in PolandAIDS first describedSoviet Union dissolves, ending Cold WarEuro introduced as new currency in European UnionBarack Obama inaugurated as first African American president, the 44th presidentOsama Bin Laden killedFrancis becomes first Jesuit popePeriods
Founding of Islam by Muhammad"Rule of Saint Benedict" introduced in Frankish landsArs Antigua (old art)Ars Nova (new art)RenaissanceBaroqueClassicalRomantic20th CenturyEuropean population triplesCrusades to reconquer the Holy LandSaint Thomas Aquinas, "Summa theologica"Giotto (Florentine painter)Famine in northwestern EuropeHundred Years' WarPlague kills one-third of EuropePapal SchismChaucer, "Canterbury Tales"Virgil, "Aeneid"Muslim conquests in Asia, North Africa, and southern EuropeGuido proposes system of solmizationFirst CrusadeSecond CrusadeThird CrusadeFlourishing of Bernart de VentadornLeoninus at Notre Dame Cathedral, ParisPerotinus at Notre DameJosquin employed in ItalyCouncil of TrentReign of Mary I of England restores Catholicism
Restore Latin rite and link to RomeDunstable possibly in FranceBinchois at Burgundian courtOckeghem at French royal chapelJosquin in FerraraTudor dynasty in EnglandMaximilian I reigns as Holy Roman EmperorPetrucci issues thirteen frottola collectionsCharles V, Holy Roman emperorGiovanni Gabrieli at Saint Mark's, VeniceThirty Years' War (religious wars in Germany)Bernini, "David"Reign of Louis XIV in FranceBernini, "The Ecstasy of Saint Teresa", in RomeReign of George II of EnglandAmati and Stradivari perfect the art of violin makingHandel in LondonBach in LeipzigMeetings of Giovanni de' Bardi's CamerataGiulio Caccini, "Le nuove musiche"Poussin, "The Rape of the Sabine Women";
Rubens, "The Rape of the Sabine Women"Queen Christina of Sweden in RomeLeopold I reigns as Holy Roman emperorReign of Louis XV in FranceJean Antoine Watteau, "The Music Party"Publication of Denis Diderot's "Encyclopédie" in 28 volumesReign of Terror in FranceNapoleon's forces intermittently occupy ViennaCongress of Vienna, redefines European boundariesCharles Burney, "A General History of Music"Beethoven, "Late string quartets"Reign of Frederick the Great of PrussiaReign of George III of EnglandFrench RevolutionMozart tours as child prodigyBeethoven, "Sonate pathétique"Byron, "Childe Harold‘s Pilgrimage”Unsuccessful revolutions throughout EuropeSecond French Empire under Napolean IIILiszt tours Europe as a virtuoso pianistBismarck unites Prussia with other states to forge German EmpireFranco-Prussian War; France defeated and Germany unifiedSmetana, "Md Vlast"Brahms, Fourth SymphonyWorld War IBritain and U.S. give women the right to voteSmetana, "Må Vlast"Ellington's band plays Cotton Club, HarlemVarèse, "Poeme electronique"Debussy, "Nocturnes"Mahler, "Kindertotenlieder"Mahler directs Metropolitan Opera in New YorkSatie, "Parade"Berg, "Wozzeck"Varöse, "Hyperprism"Hindemith, Symphony Mathis der MalerCopland, "Appalachian Spring"Messiaen, "Quartet for the End of Time"Britten, "Peter Grimes"Boulez, "Le Marteau sans maitre"Varese, "Poéme électronique"World War II leads to defeat of Italy, Germany, and JapanCold War between Soviet Union and United StatesEmergence of pop artVietnam WarU.S. involvement in Iraq WarSpanish Civil WarKorean War
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